For link calculations we assumed the OGS to be located on La Palma, where both experience from previous experiments and weather data were easily available to us.
By assuming the stress within each element to be a linear function of the volume, weakest-link calculations can be performed by simple operation on typical FE output.
In other words, we use the infinite series representation of incomplete gamma not only for the interfering links calculations but also for the desired link to obtain an expression in which the Nakagami-m parameters of all the communication links (m d,F, m I,F and m I,M ) can take any values (integer or non-integer) bigger than 0.5.
The selected nodes are further restricted by only choosing the higher common packet reception nodes for link correlation calculation.
It is overcome by avoiding the nodes having a low packet reception ratio to enter the link correlation calculation using an optimum threshold level.
In [25,26], the method in (4) and (5) for gradient establishment and link weight calculation is called Enhanced Dynamic back-pressure Routing algorithm (EDR).
The difference d i ≜ y i + 1 − y i, i = 1, …, N is called headway of the i th vehicle, which will be also used in the link quality calculation as depicted in Equation 8.
To determine the coverage range of the WiMAX system (link budget calculation), we use the characteristics discussed in Section 3 and the path loss models of formula (2) (model 1 and model 2) and the model of [18].
For example, Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA based WSN nodes are used to implement complex functions such as fuzzy logic based link cost calculation for routing decision, image compression, running Gaussian average for image background subtraction, and symmetric cryptography algorithm in[15 18], respectively.
To determine the profitability of SRC against the three reference crop rotations, annuity differences were calculated as a result of a Monte Carlos simulation (see "Linking annuity calculation with yield and price fluctuations" section) and a stochastic dominance analysis of the SRC annuities ("Selecting economic competitive SRC sites based on the concept of stochastic dominance" section).
