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Due to additional polyethylene liner damage and damage to the fixation of the liner, both the cup and neck were revised.
The authors defined the presence of at least 11 ceramic particles smaller than 3 μm or at least one ceramic particle larger than 3 μm per each 90 μm field of observation as a strong level of ceramic liner damage, and demonstrated that synovial fluid microanalysis had 100% sensitivity and 88% specificity in predicting ceramic liner fractures in case of strong presence of ceramic particles.
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The liner impingement damage was less than 1 mm deep (Grade 2, HSS scale).
This is to protect the plastic liner from damage during installation.
Half of the liners exhibited minimal damage, half exhibited no damage and none exhibited severe damage.
Intraoperative findings included a damaged liner insert, an intact femoral head, diffuse metallic debris, and excessive wear of the trunnion.
For sake of brevity, we present just one typical case of UHMWPE liner with moderate oxidation damage and very high oxidation damage.
Be sure that no rocks fall between the layer of underlayment and the liner, as this could damage the liner and possibly cause a leak.
Stones may force their way up through this sand layer and damage the liner.
The liner was so badly damaged that all the passengers, numbering 103 first-class and 102 second-class, were transferred to the Garth Castle, which is due at Plymouth to-morrow morning [May 28].
The third studied Beznoska UHMWPE component from 2007 showed, in comparison with the other liners, the lowest oxidation damage (the lowest OI value), comparable level of radiation dose absorbed during the processing (average VI value), and the lowest risk of long-term oxidative degradation (zero FRC value).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com