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Exact(8)
where is called linear prediction coefficient, when satisfies Yule-Walker equation as follows (13).
where and are the linear prediction coefficient vectors of the clean and enhanced speech segments, respectively.
where a i is linear prediction coefficient of the LF part, p is the order of AR model, G is the gain.
A preprocessing scheme based on linear prediction coefficient (LPC) residual is applied to higher-order statistics (HOSs) for automatic assessment of an overall pathological voice quality.
The signal processing to extract the formant and pitch values is based on a linear prediction coefficient (LPC) analysis of the segments considered as vowels in a hidden Markov model- (HMM-) based Viterbi forced alignment.
MFCC offers the best performance within six coefficients (the other five coefficients are Linear Prediction Coefficient, Linear Prediction Cepstral Coefficient, Linear Frequency Cepstral Coefficient, and Reflection Coefficient) [ 9].
Similar(52)
Some of the audio features that have been successfully used for audio classification include mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) [40, 41], spectral similarity [44], timbral texture [41], band periodicity [38], LPCC (Linear Prediction Coefficient-derived cepstral coefficients) [45], zero crossing rate [38, 45], MPEG-7 descriptors [46], entropy [12], and octaves [39].
Linear prediction coefficients extracted from sustained vowels were used as features.
Therefore, fundamental frequency, formants, energy, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), or Linear Prediction Coefficients (LPC) are widely explored.
(7) Compute an all-pole model of each frame to obtain the linear prediction coefficients (LPCs).
Linear prediction coefficients of the FDLP model are estimated using fast LBG algorithm.
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