The very elegant and simple (and the less accurate) model by Hashin assumes linear out-of-plane shear stress distribution across the ply in all layers.
In this paper, three approaches with different levels of accuracy and approximation are proposed and critically discussed with the aim to model the non-linear out-of-plane response of three-leaf masonry walls.
For a linear system, the out-of-band energy is only caused by noise.
Examples of linear consecutive-k-out-of-n: F and G systems are considered to demonstrate the change of the component Birnbaum importance with the optimal system reconfiguration.
Nonlinear sample forecasting methods have no advantage over linear methods in out-of-sample forecasting for time series sampled on a weekly basis.
The optimization of linear consecutive-k-out-of-n (Lin/Con/k/n) is to find an optimal component arrangement where n components are assigned to n positions to maximize the system reliability.
That is why this paper will start by briefly mentioning previous results for one dimensional linear consecutive-k-out-of-n: F systems with statistically independent components having the same failure probability q (i.i.d. components), before focusing on 2-dimensional consecutive systems.
A linear increase in the out-of-plane lattice constant of BZT unit cell with increasing Zr content was detected by X-ray diffraction.
A linear (circular) consecutive-k-out-of-n: F (Con/k/n: F) system consists of n components that are linearly (circularly) arranged such that the system fails if and only if at least k consecutive components fail.
To quantify the Al content in the films from the position of the (1̅015) peak, we assume a linear variation of the out-of-plane lattice parameter with the Al content in the whole range of concentrations from GaN to AlN (Vegard's law).
The first is a two-dimensional translation in the plane of the FT imaging gantry and the second is a one-dimensional linear translation in the out-of-plane or stage axis.
