Deep-seated conflicts arose between the alafin, or ruler, and his chiefs, including both provincial rulers and lineage chiefs and councillors at the capital.
In fact, soft bras have come such a long way from their training-bra lineage that Claire Chambers, the chief executive of Journelle, says her saleswomen, most of whom are 32D, regret that they cannot fit into all the crush-worthy fashion pieces from brands like The Lake & Stars.
A chief of a lineage or longhouse, for example, would amass as much food and material goods as he could in order to lay on a feast and give presents lavishly in hopes that the guest lineage would be unable to reciprocate on the same scale.
Hamlets and wider villages are inhabited by given lineages and overseen by a chief who is a descendant of the village founder.
The carvers also produce the large anthropomorphic rice ladles used to designate the most hospitable woman of a lineage during the harvest feast; chiefs' staffs; and female figures that seem to be prestige items, as are small figures cast in brass among the Dan and the Kpelle.
In some contexts, and for some populations, one could replicate the Mauritanian approach to their sample census in 1964 and 1977 - using the tribal chiefs and the lineage system.
Although traditionally the Tiv had no chiefs (political decisions were made by lineage elders), the British administration established a paramount chief in 1948.
Along with a second Chief Rabbi from the Sephardic, or Middle Eastern lineage of Jews, Mr Metzger led the country's supreme body for overseeing Jewish religious services.
It was ruled by a council of household heads presided over by a chief selected by the council from within a particular lineage.
Valerie Steele, the director and chief curator of the F.I.T. museum, puts Guinness in the lineage of Grace Kelly, Tina Chow, and Nan Kempner — women whose wearing of clothes amounts to a form of creativity in itself.
