In many cases there are features of organisms that may (unlike vestiges) retain an original function but nonetheless reveal glimpses of history via comparative cladistic analysis of a species and its lineage (Table 1).
The Azerbaijani Jewish community is dominated by a J2b1 lineage (Table 2).
Of these losses, 240 are shared with chimpanzees and 49 are unique to the human lineage (Table 2).
Cart1 expression in skull bone is surprising since cart1 is predominately expressed in the chondrocyte lineage (Table 2).
Nucleotide and haplotype diversities, as well as total and net DNA divergences were calculated for each lineage (Table 1).
As mentioned above, a particular group of genes have often expanded in one lineage (Table 2; Figure 1A).
Of these, three represent substitutions (E/T190A, Q226L and Q227I) when compared with the reference strains of the H9 lineage (Table 1).
Five isolates (7.7%) were not described previously and were termed orphans, and 1 isolate (ST124) belonged to a previously undesignated lineage (Table 2).
The six MCM subunits are drawn from 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8 distinct sequence types, depending on phylogenetic lineage (Table 1).
The spoligotype patterns of seven of these isolates had been registered previously in the Spoligo-International-Typing (SIT) database [15] and the majority were of the Euro-American lineage (Table 4).
We showed that Slfn4 mRNA expression was substantially reduced during CSF-1-mediated macrophage differentiation (Figure 3D), and that numbers of monocytes and recruited inflammatory macrophages were reduced in mice constitutively expressing Slfn4 in the myeloid lineage (Table 1).
