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Thus, in Exhibit Supply Co. v. Ace Patents Corp., Chief Justice Stone distinguished inclusion of a limiting phrase in an original patent claim from the "very [*25] different" situation in which "the applicant, in order to meet objections in the Patent Office, based on references to the prior art, adopted the phrase as a substitute for the broader one" previously used.
At other times, he amiably, coaxingly suggested that if the student were to delay a limiting phrase until later in the sentence, or replace a literal rendering with an analogous colloquialism in English, or transpose a prepositional phrase into an appositive noun phrase, then English might be able to reproduce the meaning of the Czech original with a little more elegance.
There is a limiting phrase, though, and that is what Justice Scalia cited.
In Vietnam the injuries are not only to people (as if "only to people" is a limiting phrase) but also to the environment.
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A great deal of my upbringing had been peppered with limiting phrases like, "Be a man," and "Boys don't cry".
In substance, we feel that the Court of Appeals was wrong in limiting the phrase 'final orders of deportation' in § 106(a) to adjudications of deportability.
In "Entity and identity" (published in 1976 and reprinted in Strawson 1997) Strawson proposed being quite strict, limiting the phrase 'criterion of identity' to cases where there either is an explicitly statable necessary and sufficient condition that does not use the identity relation, or one where the identity relation is only applied to constitutent parts of the objects.
"Why not a dog licensing law?" Chief Justice Roberts responded that Congress could easily have limited the phrase had it wanted to.
The Third Circuits contrary reading ignores the grammatical rule of the last antecedent, under which a limiting clause or phrase should be read to modify only the noun or phrase that it immediately follows.
The Third Circuits reading disregardsindeed, is precisely contrary tothe grammatical rule of the last antecedent, according to which a limiting clause or phrase (here, the relative clause which exists in the national economy) should ordinarily be read as modifying only the noun or phrase that it immediately follows (here, any other kind of substantial gainful work).
The phrase "in any media" had been put into square brackets, indicating that it was a source of disagreement among the parties, while a phrase limiting the works covered to "text, notation and/or related illustrations" had been introduced, also in brackets.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com