Insufficient physical activity has been shown to increase the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and several cancers as well as functional limitations, depression and premature death in the elderly [ 21- 23].
Adherence to long-term drug regimens is problematic, and multiple factors influence adherence status, such as regimen factors (e.g., number of pills needed daily), structural factors (e.g., ability to access drugs), individual factors (e.g., cognitive limitations, depression), and health-care provider factors (e.g., ability to listen to and communicate effectively with patients) (5– 10).
METHODS: Researchers administered a standardized questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic data, religiousness, self-reported quality of life, anxiety, physical activity limitation, depression, pain and cognition.
Non-responders did not differ significantly from responders on LBP intensity, duration, activity limitation, depression or fear of movement at baseline.
Limitations: Minor depression was relatively rare in both study cohorts.
Functional limitations and depression after traumatic brain injury: examination of the temporal relationship.
For example, osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often lead to physical limitations and depression [ 4- 7].
In a community sample of people with OA the relationship between physical symptoms (I) and participation restrictions was found to be mediated by activity limitations and depression [ 18].
The total count of possible risk factors contributing to falls exceeds 400, among the many are impaired sensorimotor functioning, cardiovascular complications, muscle weakness, environmental factors, osteoarthritis, visual limitations and depression [ 15, 16].
However, these negative consequences are compounded for children with existing disabilities, as they are also at risk of secondary conditions and symptoms such as extreme muscle loss, pain, pressure sores, mobility limitations and depression [ 14, 15], potentially hindering independence and participation in the community and limiting leisure and physical activities [ 3, 5, 16].
CONCLUSION: Despite similarities of high provider use, imaging and therapeutics, when compared to urban residents, rural residents reported higher levels of functional limitation and depression.
