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CLQ is designated to show the level of spatial association among each pair of ratings and has its strength in the appealing interpretation of how many more times more likely concordant ratings and observed colocations are than chance.
The holotype of the last of these species was collected from a gravel pit; following Tidwell et al. [ 110], we consider the age of this specimen to be likely concordant with those of other Mesozoic permineralized fern stems from eastern Tasmania, which have recently been dated as Early Jurassic [ 111].
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Admissions with only a positive C. difficile toxin assay and no C. difficile ICD-9 code (CDTA+/ICD9–) were more likely than concordant (CDTA+/ICD9+) admissions to have their first positive toxin assay within 48 hours of discharge.
In conclusion, contemporary evidence from a large and geographically diverse population of UK patients with melanoma indicates notable seasonal variation in diagnosis, most likely demonstrating concordant seasonal variation in awareness of skin changes on self or others, and related help-seeking behaviour.
To improve the chances of a significant finding sib pairs were included, as the presence of an affected sibling not only carries an increased risk for schizophrenia but it is likely that concordant factors within a sib pair will represent shared familial or environmental factors.
Once concordance for peer smoking was adjusted for, MZ pairs were no more likely to be concordant for smoking than DZ pairs in late adolescence and adulthood.
Asymmetric discordant twins were more likely than symmetric concordant twins to be delivered at ≤34 weeks' gestation (57% vs 27%), to require intubation (36% vs 7%), to remain in intensive care >1 week (36% vs 3%), and to have an outcome composite that included respiratory morbidity, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, or neonatal death (29% vs 6%), all P <.05.
In addition, monozygotic twins are more likely to be concordant for autism than dizygotic twins.
Sisters are more likely to be concordant for preterm birth (16%) than sisters in law (9%) (58).
Manic patients were more likely to receive concordant treatment than patients suffering from depressive or mixed episodes [ 33].
For Harrell's C, this bias arises because of the over-representation of case-case pairs, which are less likely to be concordant than case control pairs.
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