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Exact(4)
Buyers/users of PAC rated the likelihood of trial testing a new lignin-based PAC for proof-of-concept as 2.47 (5-point scale) with a standard deviation of 1.19 (n = 13) (Fig. 7).
We calculated risk ratios to test the likelihood of trial summaries reporting zero SAEs to be published as stand-alone journal articles in a manner congruent with the summaries, compared to trial summaries reporting ≥1 SAEs.
This produced an odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, which if greater than 1.0 indicated a greater likelihood of trial completion or publication and if less than 1.0 indicated lower likelihood.
Furthermore in some countries, particularly those where universal health-care coverage is lacking, the likelihood of trial participation usually varies with socio-economic status, gender and ethnicity (Murthy et al, 2004; Penberthy et al, 2012; Kwiatkowski et al, 2013; Mohd Noor et al, 2013; Unger et al, 2013).
Similar(55)
There were insufficient trials within each comparison to assess the likelihood of small trial effects, such as publication bias, by examining a funnel plot for asymmetry.
The purpose of this study was to determine which factors influence the likelihood of successful trial of labor (TOL) after 1 previous cesarean delivery (CD).
These are important sources of bias that will have increased the likelihood of negative trial results.
This puts a bound on how low the likelihood of a trial can be.
Quality of RCTs defined as 'the likelihood of the trial design to generate unbiased results' covers only the dimension of internal validity [ 6].
Conversely, patients who provided exposure to a new drug as the most influential factor for participation demonstrated the highest likelihood of clinical trial participation (6.141, p<0.001).
Ioannidis recently highlighted a startlingly similar association between small sample size and likelihood of a trial's findings being challenged and refuted over time [ 4].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com