Model (2) can be fitted using standard Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) ignoring the clustering.
Even the likelihood of substantial bias from "ignoring the selection process," which is arguably the most common strategy in the applied literature, is rarely formally quantified, although specific examples suggest it may be reasonably large.
While the expectation of the AFS is accurately recovered using composite likelihoods, ignoring linkage among sites results in underestimating the variance of the AFS [ 4].
a marginal regression model (fitted using standard maximum likelihood) that ignores clustering ('No clustering').
A simulation study and an application to kneading data are used to compare the proposed method with the ordinary maximum likelihood method, which ignores the nature of the sampling.
Other catastrophic incidents resulted by ignoring the likelihood of dependent failures in redundant systems have been reported, e.g., the hydraulic pumps failure due to engine explosion in United Airlines DC-10 in July 1989 (Galison 2000).
Many bioinformatic gene counting exercises are very naïve in ignoring the likelihood of quantum evolution or massive gene loss during the neomuran revolution, origin of eukaryotes, and origin of archaebacteria; I present a sounder interpretation of one such study bearing on the nature of the neomuran ancestor in some detail elsewhere [ 106].
But what they overlook is that Mr. Hussein is often unintentionally suicidal -- that is, he miscalculates his odds of success and frequently ignores the likelihood of catastrophic failure.
Dowden said she didn't necessarily think the assumption was based on race but believed the staff member who wrote it ignored the likelihood of the cause being hepatitis B which, she said, was endemic in the region.
When right truncation, i.e. the condition x i ≤ t i, is ignored, the likelihood of the sample is written as: L 1 (x 1, x 2, …, x n ; θ ) = ∏ i = 1 n f (x i ; θ ) ; maximizing this likelihood yields the naive estimator of θ.
