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As a matter of fact, the clinical applications of the laser depend on wavelength peaks of the laser light, pulse durations, and target skin tissue absorption.
To address the issue of spike fidelity in response to differing light pulse durations, we have further measured and reported both 'spike probabilities' and 'average change in amplitudes' over the entire stimulation train for each cell type tested.
Though in vivo paired recordings were not made, presumptive pyramidal cell firing was effectively inhibited by ChR2-expressing SST interneurons activated by short light pulse durations, while pyramidal cell firing returned to baseline upon depolarization block of SST interneurons.
We used single light pulse durations of 1, 21, 51, 101, and 201 ms to stimulate the glioma cells; 51 ms of light illumination was sufficient to induce a depolarizing peak and a steady state.
This effect appeared to plateau at light pulse durations ≥40 ms, even with 5 s continuous light pulse stimulation (data not shown), though at this duration, 1 of 5 cells tested exhibited depolarization block, while the remaining cells did not.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01481.009 Interestingly, mitral cells displayed enhanced firing rates in response to incrementally increased light pulse durations with no apparent obstruction from depolarization block, though short pulse durations were not as effective at eliciting robust neuronal firing as longer pulses, consistent with what we observed previously.
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10.7554/eLife.01481.009 Figure 7. Effects of light pulse duration on ChR2-expressing neurons in vivo.
Effects of light pulse duration on CRH-expressing interneurons of the olfactory bulb.
10.7554/eLife.01481.005 Figure 3. Effects of light pulse duration on a heterogeneous SST interneuron population.
10.7554/eLife.01481.006 Figure 4. Firing dynamics of diverse interneurons in response to varying light pulse duration.
Interestingly, faster-spiking SST interneurons (N = 9) increased their firing rates with longer light pulse duration.
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