The mGFP fluorescence lifetime was measured using a fluorescence lifetime imaging attachment (Lambert Instruments, Groningen, Netherlands) on an inverted microscope (Zeiss AXIO Observer D1, Jena, Germany).
The concentration of c-di-AMP or pApA was 40 μM; coralyne was 10 μM, and buffer was 50 mM Tris-H3PO4 (pH 4.5, 7.5, or 9.2) containing 250 mM KBr. Fluorescence lifetime was measured using a time-domain system integrated with a fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope (FLIM) system Alba V (ISS, Urbana, IL).
In order to verify the plasmonic resonances of Au NPs on QDs films, fluorescence lifetimes of samples were measured using a 375 nm excitation source at room temperature.
Fluorescence intensities and lifetimes of samples were measured using a time-domain fluorescence imager.
Lifetime trauma exposures were measured using a checklist (20 yes/no items) adapted from the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire [ 35] previously implemented with adults in Afghanistan [ 37].
This analysis includes 34,653 respondents who completed interviews at wave 1 and wave 2. Participants' lifetime psychiatric disorders were measured using the NIAAA Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS), a structured interview designed to measure psychiatric disorders and associated conditions in large scale surveys [ 17] in 2001 2002 and 2004 2005.
The prepared membranes' highest proton conductivity value was 8.6 × 10−2 S/cm while their free volume sizes were measured using positron annihilation lifetime technique (PALS).
Oxygen tension in the renal cortex (CμPO2 mmHg), outer medulla (MμPO2 mmHg), and renal vein were measured using oxygen-dependent quenched phosphorescent lifetimes of Oxyphor G2.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging was measured using the time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) module in the time-tagged time-resolved (TTTR) mode.
Lifetime asthma was measured using respondent (primary caregiver) reports in the NSCH survey of whether "a doctor or health professional ever told you that the child has asthma".
