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Fig. 6 Mechanism of time-resolved fluorescence as a means of eliminating short lifetime background and autofluorescence (reproduced from [86] with permission, (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons).
The lifetime background risk of cervical cancer in Danish women is estimated at <4% [ 29].
For example, Figure 5 shows the effects of age at exposure on absolute excess risks against a 10% lifetime background cancer for classical five-stage Armitage-Doll models in which different stage transitions are enhanced by a carcinogenic exposure.
Extensive uranium dose reconstruction demonstrated that over 60% of the cohort had such minimal exposure to uranium and radon that their cumulative ionising radiation exposure was less than 3.2% over lifetime background levels (Meyer et al, 1996; Killough et al, 1998a, 1998b; Pinney et al, 2003).
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He said the average British person receives more than 150 MSV during their lifetime from background radiation.
Edge effects caused by RBC motion artefacts can be excluded because healthy RBCs show, at worse, a very narrow edge defined by slightly different lifetimes, which can be attributed to the mixing of calcein lifetime with background photons, resulting in faint tails in the phasor phase (Fig. 8).
Slices showing the lifetime have background value almost 0. Reconstructed lifetime values are close to the true value of Nile Blue fluorophore, which is 1.2 ns.
Because the referent serum concentrations were assumed to be the accumulation of a lifetime of background environmental exposures, we assigned the TCDD serum values from the examination to each referent pregnancy.
With such long lifetimes, the background autofluorescence of the sample can readily be removed with time-gating experiments allowing for more accurate measurements at low turn- on.
The majority of the pixels lifetimes were very short, around 200 ps in regions that can be associated with membranes, confirming that the background lifetime could arise from photosystems.
The phasor plot representation of the background lifetime of Chlorella cells, which is due to Photosystems I and II, is shown in Figure 2D,E.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com