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Following up on his lab's initial observation that SIR2's life span effect could disappear in outcrossed worms, Gems teamed up with Matt Kaeberlein at the University of Washington, Seattle, and Linda Partridge of University College London, both of whom have previously questioned the role of sirtuins in aging.
These considerations limit the support for a possible negative life span effect of the Vg transgenes as suggested in the Abstract and Discussion.
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Several genes that regulate life span (e.g., Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, and rosy) complemented the life span effects of wild-derived alleles, suggesting little natural variation affecting longevity at these loci, at least in this sample of alleles.
The tissue-general driver facilitated the screening of senescence and apoptosis regulatory genes for life span effects.
It is often desirable to over-express a gene in all the tissues of the fly, for example when screening genes for possible life span effects.
The potential importance of the cellular senescence and apoptosis pathways in modulating life span prompted a screen of additional genes implicated in these pathways for life span effects in the fly.
To definitively rule in (or out) a role for IIS in Drosophila p53 life span effects will require future assays in the presence and absence of the Foxo transcription factor.
These results underscore the importance of careful controls for possible life span effects on the conditional gene expression system itself, independent of the specific identity of the gene being over-expressed.
To facilitate the screen of apoptosis and senescence-regulatory genes for life span effects, several Geneswitch system drivers were characterized for their tissue-specificity of transgene activation using a UAS-GFP reporter, both in adult flies and during larval development.
One advance of the present study is that life span effects were identified using transgenes encoding the full length, wild-type form of Drosophila p53 protein, as well as ones encoding mutant forms.
The negative life span effects on offspring of increasing maternal age may be due to a combination of processes acting on the germline: epigenetic changes affecting gene expression, accrual of protein damage, mutation accumulation (Medawar, 1952) and antagonistic pleiotropy (Williams, 1957).
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