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During the service life of structures, breathing-fatigue cracks may occur in structural members due to dynamic loadings acting on them.
Because the life of structures in U.S. cities has been short, there are few examples of 18th- or early 19th-century ironwork extant in New York City, not many more in Boston, some in Philadelphia, but more in and near Washington, D.C., such as the excellent balconies and railings at the Octagon (headquarters of the American Institute of Architects).
Degradation of concrete limits the service life of structures.
Transverse cracks can reduce the service life of structures and increase maintenance costs.
The use of GFRP bars can prevent deterioration due to corrosion, improve durability and increase the service life of structures.
Interest in extending the high cycle fatigue life of structures has increased in the last decade of the 20th century.
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This has prompted the search for economical methods of extending the service life of structure.
During the service life of structure, cracks developed due to various internal or external stresses.
The paper presents the fatigue damage accumulation model created to analyse fatigue life of structure elements operating in conditions of multiaxial, non-proportional low-cycle loadings.
Concrete repairing, rehabilitation and prolonging the effective service-life of structures plays an important role in building field worldwide.
Given the growing concern for concrete degradation, numerous computer-assisted tools have been developed to assist engineers in the prediction of the service-life of structures.
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