Sentence examples for life manipulation from inspiring English sources

In the current study, we used a recently developed subtle early life manipulation of food competition in wild European starlings to investigate the effect of early life adversity on adult foraging behaviour and body mass.

In this study, then, we measured key components of flight performance (take-off speed, take-off angle, time to reach a destination and accuracy of airborne manoeuvres) in European starlings from the cohort that had experienced the early life manipulation described above, recording several flights per bird wherever possible.

We recently developed a subtle early life manipulation in the European starling in which siblings were cross-fostered on day 2 of life to nests in which they were either slightly larger than the other chicks (the advantaged treatment) or slightly smaller (the disadvantaged treatment).

We measured the body mass, body condition, foraging effort, food consumption and contrafreeloading (foraging for food hidden in sand when equivalent food is freely available) of adult birds (≥10 months old) that had previously undergone a subtle early life manipulation of food competition (cross-fostering into the highest or lowest ranks in the brood size hierarchy when 2 12 days of age).

However, early life manipulations do influence aggressive behavior in this strain [39].

Secondly, a given genotype would not be vulnerable or resistant to all types of early life manipulations.

Similarly to our observations, C57 mice are often reported to be resistant to the influence of early life manipulations on several aspects of adult behavior, including cognitive abilities, depression-related and schizophrenia-related behaviors [34], [36] [38].

A causal question framed as a counterfactual question capable of yielding a real-life manipulation or intervention within the framework of a randomized experiment.

The purpose of this experiment was to characterize the effects of early-life manipulations (EHLP and individual-housing) on adult anxiety-like behavior in the EZM.

It has previously been shown that early-life manipulations, such as short-term insulin treatment in neonatal rats, leads to increased weight gain as well as impaired glucose tolerance and insulin responsiveness into adulthood [ 36].

In rats, even relatively brief and seemingly simple early life environmental manipulations can lead to changes in cognitive and brain function during senescence.