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Participants gave wide ranging explanations for health problems that included early life disadvantage, genetic factors, behaviours and different types of environmental exposures.
The isolated mediating effect of early life disadvantage is therefore striking, as one would have expected a larger contribution of adult social and material adversity in mediating differences.
Our study thus demonstrates that early life disadvantage can have long-lasting effects on foraging and mass regulation even in the absence of food insufficiency during development.
Such an approach emphasizes the fact that early life disadvantage and adversity need not lead to later negative outcomes, provided there are compensating positive experiences in the intervening years.
Our results suggest that subtle early life disadvantage in the form of psychosocial stress and/or food insecurity can leave a lasting legacy on foraging behaviour and mass regulation even in the absence of food insufficiency during development or adulthood.
1 8 Addressing Aboriginal early life disadvantage is of particular importance because of the high birth rate among Aboriginal people 10 and subsequent young age structure of the Aboriginal population.
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Third, obesity is more stigmatized among women than men, which may limit upward mobility for obese women more so than obese men [ 22], exacerbating the effect of early life disadvantages on adult obesity among women.
First, men are more likely than women to experience upward social mobility, attenuating the negative impact of early childhood disadvantages [ 6], whereas women are more likely to experience discrimination in education and work throughout their life course, exacerbating early life disadvantages [ 20].
Education and occupation are unlikely to be subject to recall bias but they cannot capture the whole picture of early-life disadvantage.
But these real-life disadvantages become assets in giving "The Local News" its strong verisimilitude, even in its graceless touches.
First, due to cumulative risks and disadvantages over the life course, women are more vulnerable to early-life disadvantages in family background [ 6, 23].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com