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Nevertheless, from his cell he issued anonymous pamphlets attacking Laud and other Anglican prelates, resulting in further punishments: the stumps of his ears were shorn (1637) and his cheeks were branded with the letters S.L., meaning "seditious libeler"—though he preferred "Stigmata Laudis" ("the marks of Laud").
He became a devotee of those ritualized quarrels known as "affairs of honor," in which the aggrieved party demanded "satisfaction" -- an apology or explanation -- from the libeler and implicitly threatened a duel otherwise.
Knox was acquitted, but The Philadelphia Inquirer's Edward Crapsey, who implied that Gen. George Meade showed timidity in pursuing Gen. Robert E. Lee after Gettysburg, was tied to a mule and paraded through the ranks with the sign "Libeler of the Press" hung on his back.
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