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We found that LFS (1 Hz, 100 μs, 300 μA), but not HFS (100 Hz, 100 μs, 30 μA), in bilateral ANT significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous recurrent seizures, either non-convulsive focal seizures or tonic clonic generalized seizures.
A LTD-inducing low-frequency stimulation (LFS, 1 Hz lasting 15 min) was then delivered to the Schaffer collateral afferent fibers.
We observed here that without picrotoxin in the bath solution, neither HFS (100 Hz) nor LFS (1 Hz, 15 min) induced LTP or LTD in the VTA of naïve rats (Figure 1A,B,F) or vehicle-treated rats (100.3±6%, 100.1±4%, p>0.05 versus control, n = 11).
We then applied paired-pulse stimulation at a 50-ms ISI after LFS (1 Hz, 600 pulses) to induce LTD, to evaluate the presynaptic involvement in synaptic plasticity at mossy fiber-CA3 synapses.
After 90 min of recording, the period between samples of evoked potentials was extended to 15 min. Low-frequency stimulation (LFS; 1 Hz, 900 pulses) or sLFS (1 Hz, 600 pulses) was used to induce LTD of >24 h or <24 h duration, respectively.
The mGluR1 antagonist (S --α-amino-4-carboxy-2-methylbenzene-acetic acid (LY367385) impaired both induction and late phaS --α-amino-4-carboxy-2-methylbenzene-acetic high-frequency tetanization (HFT; 100 Hz) or low-frequency S --α-amino-4-carboxy-2-methylbenzene-acetic
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Such a minimum in the electric field strength is a trap for lfs [43].
Hippocampal LTD was described for the first time in Schaffer collateral (SC CA1 synapses (Dunwiddie and Lynch 1978) and is electrically induced by low-frequency stimulation (LFS: 1 3 Hz for 5 15 min).
Thus, the forecasted gross outputs in constant prices are equal to x ¯ A = p ˆ x x 1 = p ˆ x Lf 1, (4).
Four different fiber lengths (Lf = 13, 16.3, 19.5, and 30 mm) were considered for two different placement methods.
In addition, three different fiber lengths (Lf = 13, 19.5, and 30 mm) for the smooth steel fibers and one fiber length (Lf = 30 mm) for the twisted steel fiber were considered.
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