We did not include left inferior parietal lobule in our model because this area failed to show significantly greater activation in the lexical judgment compared to baseline.
We were specifically interested in whether AP musicians demonstrate different cortical activation patterns in association with lexical as compared with prosodic speech information.
For example, word frequency effects were larger in a lexical decision compared with a category verification and pronunciation task (Balota & Chumbley, 1984), suggesting that it depends on the familiarity-based decision process, rather than word identification per se.
After all, participants in the BLP data-set performed more than 28,000 lexical decisions, compared to approximately 3400 for ELP participants and only 240 in Kousta et al. (2009) so it is no surprise that the magnitude of this effect appears reduced.
Although a word repetition task is basically segmental, the right dominance can be accounted for provided that children made an effort to repeat words as accurately as possible and depended more on the suprasegmental information processing because they are still in the process of learning language, even L1, and have little lexical knowledge compared with adults.
The relatively late onset of the lexical effect, compared to some recent literature [ 4, 18, 19, 21, 22], is very probably due to the mixed presentation of words and non-words with quasi-words that are very difficult to discriminate on the basis of visual appearance, since they were obtained by replacing just a single letter.
We also present a more detailed error analysis based on lexical features, comparing first-pass and second-pass results.
The lexical metaschema is compared to previously derived metaschemas, e.g., the cohesive metaschema.
Our results, based on experimental data from participants' performance as well as a post-experiment questionnaire, support the claim that overspecification improves lexical acquisition rates compared to minimal specification.
To address the concerns, the present study will explore the semantic distinctions lexicalized in Mandarin EPs and identify the ranges of form-meaning associations peculiar to the lexical subclasses, as compared to those in English and other languages.
