This is also being enforced by the acquiring banks (those that provide card services) through levying of fines for non-compliance or breaches.
More common criminals could expect other forms of penalty: execution, for example, and various kinds of corporal punishment; forced labor and conscription; public humiliation; the levying of fines; exile; loss of privileges and offices; and so on.
The National Union of Students president, Liam Burns, condemned the lack of support for students who could not afford to pay, saying: "At a time when students who cannot rely on their families or savings for financial support face a living costs shortfall of £8,500 each year, it is also crucial that any consideration of levying of fines takes student hardship into account.
Given the minor scale of the FCRA infringements, Greenpeace expected only raps on its knuckles or, at worst, a levy of small fines.
Money laundering has been a major concern of federal regulators in the last decade, even before the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and bank regulators have levied plenty of fines against banks for their lax compliance and monitoring programs.
In 2009 the watchdog levied a record level of fines, but there were only four convictions.
Also, the CFTC has wide authority to write new rules governing evasion and it can levy an assortment of fines and penalties on those who purposely don't comply with the law.
Accusation: The proposed levying of high fines may create the opportunity for the government to exert pressure on Hungarian media.
The levying of the fines, potentially totaling more than $18 million a year but unlikely to be paid, added tension to Russian-American relations, which have become strained over the past year.
An Air India spokesman, K. Swaminathan, said the levying of the fine was an old issue.
They have proposed a new complaints body, financed by the newspaper industry, with much broader powers, including an expanded staff capable of conducting thorough investigations, and the power to levy mandatory fines of up to $1.6 million against offending newspapers.
