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Cut-off levels were established using receiver operating characteristic curves based on values for 100 unrelated healthy controls.
Relative expression levels were established using the comparative threshold cycle (CT) method outlined in the manufacturer's instructions for the PCR system.
To determine the potential role of NDRG1 in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), stable transfectants with altered NDRG1 levels were established using KYSE30 cells.
Dietary behaviour was also measured using plasma vitamin C, a previously validated biomarker for fruit and vegetable intake, reflecting recent dietary intake of vitamin C 20. Levels were established using a Fluoroskan Ascent FL fluorometer (Thermo Scientific, Wilmington, DE, USA).
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A rapid quantitative analysis method for murine endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vasoactive intestinal contractor (VIC) gene expression levels was established using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Metamorphic response at all structural levels is established using a large dataset (n ~ 160) of internally consistent quantitative PT determinations, petrology of metapelite samples, semi-quantitative P-T paths, metamorphic mapping and metamorphic field gradients.
Equations to predict 17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone or equol Kd or Koc values at the regional level were established using either soil properties (Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression) or one single estrogen (ordinary least squares regression).
A regression model for prediction of the weathering level was established using the optimal values of parameters determined by the double cross-validation (D-CV) method.
Significance at the group level was established using non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test (signrank MATLAB function).
The baseline serum levels of SAA were established using sera from 30 nine-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs [ 16].
The mathematical relationships between the main effects and epistatic effects of genes acting at different levels of signaling pathways were established using the quantitative and population genetic parameters.
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