An L-step involves stabilisation (minimisation) over an L-dimensional subspace following L levels of vector-Padé approximation.
The overall high level of infection in this wildlife community likely reflects high levels of vector contact, including ingestion of bugs.
Two weeks after injections, high levels of vector expression were observed in liver, spleen and bone marrow and to a lesser extent in kidney, lung and heart.
Tumors from CBA-null infected, hepatectomized mice were more likely to contain significant levels of vector DNA than tumors from the corresponding CMV-GFP infected group.
Furthermore, the levels of vector methylation in the NBT positive clones derived from the same EB cultures was much lower (Figure 4D, right panel).
With regard to the generation of MVA-specific humoral immune responses, we originally hypothesized that abrogation of late gene expression, via udg deletion from MVA vectors, would result in the generation of reduced levels of vector-specific neutralizing antibodies.
Interestingly, a subsequent study by this group showed the levels of vector-specific antibodies elicited in mice by MVA to be relatively lower than those elicited by the replication-defective dVV-L virus [65].
Our observations that Δudg and udg+ MVA vectors elicit similar levels of vector-specific antibodies in vivo are consistent with those of Ober, et al that showed comparable levels of vaccinia virion-binding antibodies in mice following single-dose immunization with replication-defective (Δudg) vaccinia virus (dVV-L, strain Lister), replication-competent vaccinia (VV-L), or MVA [64].
Clearly, variable levels of vector and disease activity will exist within such an area.
The surveillance system successfully identified areas with increased levels of vector and WNV activity.
