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Microarray based methods have been used extensively to profile expression levels of annotated genes at genomic scale.
Transcript mRNA levels of annotated HOXA genes were measured by qPCR in endothelium from atherosusceptible AA and athero-protected DT sites to determine the relationship between AA/DT transcript expression (mRNA) and AA/DT DMR methylation score for 9 HOXA genes: − HOXA1-A7, HOXand and HOXA13 (Fig. 6).
In this study, we detected a change in the mRNA levels of annotated polyamine biosynthetic genes in response to cold stress, including ADC (Unigene25843_All) and SAMDC (Unigene20820_All), which encode two rate-limiting enzymes in the synthesis of putrescine, spermidine and spermine, respectively.
Expression levels of annotated genes known to contribute to the S. aureus pathogenicity were evaluated in the specific context of strain N315 which is agr-deficient.
Simulation experiments confirm previous findings that, for a fixed sequencing cost, using reads longer than 25-36 bases does not necessarily lead to better accuracy for estimating expression levels of annotated isoforms and genes.
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The median expression level of annotated coding genes (230.1 FPKM) was slightly lower than of the novel-coding genes (258.0 FPKM).
The expression levels of 867 annotated genes changed as a result of ADAR1 knockdown by at least 1.5 fold.
To determine the overall expression status of genes in ENCODE regions based on Affymetrix, Sanger ENCODE array and Illumina analysis, expression levels of 618 annotated genes were binned into quartiles based on RMA (Affymetrix) or Z-scores (Sanger ENCODE arrays).
To investigate whether mRNA expression differences observed between humans and chimpanzees are reflected in differences in protein expression, we measured mRNA expression levels of all annotated genes in six human and six chimpanzee livers, using microarray probes that perfectly matched the human as well as the chimpanzee genome sequences.
The range of expression levels of the annotated coding genes is, however, broader than that of the novel coding.
Fold-coverage in the maternal library was used to approximate maternal expression levels of all annotated E. balteatus genes.
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