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The results showed a positive incremental relationship with increasing levels of instrumental research utilization (i.e., the higher the contextual scores for each factor assessed relative to the sample average, the better the level of research utilization).
While the various models of policy-processes that have emerged in this field demonstrate that there are many ways in which research may be influencing policy [ 4, 5], it is widely recognized that the level of research utilization by policy-makers is lower than it could be [ 6].
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That is, higher levels of research utilization were associated with more positive contextual conditions.
That is, higher levels of research utilization were aligned with more positive contextual conditions.
First, they are necessary to empirically verify the assumption that patient outcomes are sensitive to varying levels of research utilization by healthcare providers.
The 'two communities' explanation predicts that the cultural difference between the research community and the policy community is the main reason for low levels of research utilization [ 49, 71].
Relations to other variables were examined using: (1) bivariate correlations; (2) change in mean values of CRU with increasing levels of other kinds of research utilization; and (3) multivariate linear regression.
1 = 1'never'; 2'rarely'occasionallynally'; 4 'frequently'; 5 'almost always' ** p < 0.01 We also hypothesized that each of the CRU items and the total scale score would show a trend of increasing mean values from lowest to highest levels of the other kinds of research utilization and overall research utilization (Table 5).
Further, two complementary and theoretically compatible KT frameworks were chosen to integrate contemporary understanding of research utilization at the organizational level into the PEAK program.
As a result, the concept of CRU is believed to be more reflective of the process of research utilization at the individual practitioner level than are the other (i.e., instrumental, symbolic) kinds of research utilization [ 12- 14].
Predictors of research utilization include attitude toward research, awareness of information based on research, and involvement in research activities.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com