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Further, it was hypothesized that individual risk factors would be the strongest independent correlates of the level of offending in offenders from high SES neighborhoods, while in offenders from low SES neighborhoods, individual, family and peer related risk factors would have an independent strong correlation with the level of offending.
This study aims to identify risk factors for level of offending among childhood offenders from different socio-economic status (SES) neighborhoods and ethnic origins.
Second, correlations between potential risk factors and level of offending were computed per offender subgroup using Pearson's r for continuous and Spearman's rho for dichotomous variables.
Contrary to our hypothesis, family or parenting characteristics did not correlate independently with level of offending in the low SES Dutch offender group.
Finally, it was hypothesized that similar to low SES Dutch offenders, individual risk factors, parental and peer problems would be independent correlates of the level of offending among low SES non-Western offenders.
Furthermore, the overall low correlations between risk factors and level of offending stresses the difficulty of differentiating serious from non-serious offenders on the basis of a single characteristic.
Similar(27)
Based on child and parent reports, 25.0% of the participants scored high levels of offending on both assessments and were thus classified as persistent high offenders.
Nearly one-third (32.3%) reported high levels of offending on one of the assessments, and were thus classified as occasional offenders, while 42.7% reported low levels of offending at both assessments.
Much research evidence shows that policing had little effect on levels of offending.
The Police Superintendents Associationn has protested that the Home Office is withholding the findings of a study showing the "comparative levels of offending between ethnic populations in this country".
"This is likely to be seen in higher levels of anti-social behaviour, including the risk of harm to vulnerable people, and increased levels of offending behaviour," she said.
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