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Similar to the work of Turban and Keon (1993), Lievens et al., (2001) focused on organisational attributes such as size of organisation, geographical dispersions (level of internationalisation), pay mix, and level of centralisation or decentralisation in decision making.
The required size and capacity for a central coordination team, the need for specialised units for TB diagnosis and treatment, and the appropriate level of centralisation or de-centralisation of services depends on the size of the country as well as TB burden and distribution.
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For the second key dimension we have chosen the community structure, representing the level of centralisation-decentralisation in urban form, which is important in the transport context.
Wage bargaining in most European countries occurs between workers' and employers' associations, often at higher levels of centralisation than the firm level (such as the sector and the region level).
Case study results for a Swiss community indicate that the calculated optimal degree of centralisation is substantially lower than the current level.
This approach can be problematic, as it requires a degree of centralisation and trust in the issuing party which, in turn, imposes a potentially significant level of counterparty risk for the holder of the stablecoin, particularly if the holder has no security over or other rights to the collateral.
A serious war conducted by a government requires structure, discipline and a degree of centralisation.
As a result, there was a degree of centralisation of services.
The network density is low (0.014), the degree centralisation (along with other types of centralisation) is negligible and the average degree is high.
What they want is power – and to push back against decades of centralisation to give British cities a level of autonomy more in line with the rest of Europe and the US.
Reversing generations of centralisation.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com