Therefore, it appears that, in our data, maternal anthropometric features may affect the measurement of the exposure level (low-MWP), the measurement of the metabolite-level correction factor (creatinine), and the measurement of the outcome (gestational age/head circumference).
Thus, sex and anthropometric features per se may affect the level of the correction factor (creatinine).
The sample size was calculated based on a 4% margin of error, a 95% confidence level and a correction factor of 1.2 to compensate for the design effect [ 22].
In the stratified populations with moderate and high stratification levels, the average correction factor λ estimated by GC became very large (>7.5).
Although other factors could influence creatinine levels, and therefore this correction factor too, creatinine levels are the standard index used for assessment of renal dysfunction in acute kidney injury [ 19].
Aiming at an absolute precision of 5%% at the 95%% confidence level, further assuming a correction factor of 2.0 (the "design effect") for cluster sampling, and allowing for 5%% refusals and incomplete questionnaires, the required minimum sample sizes (n) were 756, 697 and 573 for Northern, Upper East and Upper West regions respectively.
It remaps each layer grey level (GL) values by a correction factor that accounts for thickness variation in BP and the presence of dense fibroglandular tissues at the mammary gland.
Dunnett's test makes adjustments for multiple corrections: it ensures that the type 1 error rate will be fixed at the desired level by incorporating correction factors into the design of the test table.
Interestingly, the authors also tried to adjust serum creatinine levels over a fluid balance correction factor, due to the potential of creatinine hemodilution in overloaded patients [ 21], but did not find significant changes in creatinine risk prediction.
The dominance p-value across all SNP for the US population was below 0.1 for 10 out of 15 SNP (66.7 %), although only 3 SNP would be significant at the 0.05 level based on the Bonferroni multiple correction factor.
