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Essential genes, mutations in which lead to lethality, are known to be high degree nodes (hubs), thus occupying a central position in protein interaction network.
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100 μL PBS was used as a negative control and snake venoms that are known to induce lethality in less than 5 h at these concentrations were used as positive controls [ 30].
So far, only two genes, Dll4 and VEGF, are known to cause embryonic lethality due to haploinsufficiency, which emphasizes their crucial role in vascular development [9].
Safb1-null mice are known to exhibit perinatal lethality [ 26].
As defects in this gene are known to cause male lethality, surviving female patients were identified most of time.
Of the several pathways shown in Table S4, some are known to lead to embryonic lethality.
Malignant brain tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are known for their high degree of invasiveness, aggressiveness, and lethality.
All of them take into account cell-autonomous (cancer-specific) properties and are known as (i) genetic streamlining, (ii) oncogenic shock and (iii) synthetic lethality (SL).
Although no inherited diseases are known to result from mutation of these genes, one case of neonatal lethality has been attributed to a defect in Drp1 (25).
This is known as conditional (synthetic) lethality or combination therapy.
For example, null mutation of Sox2 and Fgf4, which were repressed in all the 3 groups, is known to cause embryonic lethality after implantation [37], [38].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com