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Let's denote (37).
Let's denote the average of all channel capacities to be C ̄.
Let's denote the true value of GS indices at the Lower, Middle, and Upper level by G S L, G S M, and G S U, respectively.
Let's denote by τ j for j=t,t−1 the social security tax rate paid over the wages by individuals, ρ t the replacement rate, R=1+r the exogenous interest rate (rate of return to investment) and z t k the amount of time worked by the individual during the second period of life (whose duration is normalized to 1).
Let's denote f = γ t ^ - 2 r 0 t m / c, and by substituting f into Equation (5), one can obtain: s R 3 f, t m = ∑ k = 1 K σ k rect f / γ - 2 R k t m - r 0 t m / c T p × exp - j 4 π c f c + f R ps _ k t m. (7).
Let's denote the minimum distance between a secondary sender and the closest primary receiver by D min. We define the outage probability p out ( i ) at the i th PRN receiver at distance D as follows p out ( i ) = Pr [ SU-TX ] ( Pr [ outage ∣ D < D min ( i ) ] Pr [ D < D min ( i ) ] + Pr [ outage ∣ D ≥ D min ( i ) ] Pr [ D ≥ D min ( i ) ] ) (13).
Similar(49)
Let denote the user 's utility function, which is assumed to be concave, increasing, and differentiable.
Let denote an individual's contribution to the (unweighted) complete-data estimating equations of the analysis model.
Let S denote the set of possible substructures, We define a site's structural entropy to be where is the frequency of site i being in substructure of type s.
Let S denote the solution vector, i.e. tuple of indices of populations that are present in test sample's admixture, and A = (a1, a2,..., a p) the corresponding vector of mixture proportions to estimate.
To describe this situation symbolically, let S denote the sample space.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com