Simon et al. (2000) propose that when group identities become salient, there will be a shift in focus from the individual to the group, such that collective action will be motivated primarily by concern for and obligation to one's group, and less by egoistic concerns of the individual.
The creation of the arts and sciences caused man to become "less pure," more artificial, and egoistic, and man's egoistic nature prevents him from regaining the simplicity of original human nature.
All of these Great Powers are egoistic, more or less blinkered, with governments chiefly bent upon surviving a few more years.
Indeed, without an estimate of how strong this desire is, there is no reason to think the egoistic hypothesis is less reliable.
Importantly, he avoids the tendency to mythologise his mother and does not shy away from the less attractive aspects of Hannah's egoistic, attention-seeking personality.
If they were only helping in order to reduce their own negative feelings, they would be expected to leave in this situation, since leaving is the less costly means for reaching an egoistic goal.
He deduced his conclusions more or less geometrically from a set of narrow egoistic assumptions about human motivation.
The results show that high egoists in the 'Video-Camera' condition experienced significantly less positive memory distortion than high egoists in the 'Control' condition, suggesting that indirect social monitoring can interfere with early information processing biases found in egoistic self-enhancers.
Skorupski (2000) has forcefully argued that there is no dualism of the "pure" practical reason, which is agent neutral, but there are many such conflicts in the larger field of less than pure practical reason, not merely a conflict with egoistic reasons.
Second, this indeed translated into attitudes: the stronger their egoistic values, the more people favored nuclear energy and the less they favored renewable energy, whereas the opposite was found for biospheric values.
