Sentence examples for less dispersal from inspiring English sources

Species, or even earthworm ecological categories, show specific dispersal behaviors [ 58], with endogeics typically showing less dispersal than do epigeic and anecic species.

The lack of a strong interaction between time and nonparticipation at the city block level suggests less dispersal of the vectors between city blocks.

Therefore, such marginal or patchy habitats should favor the development of multiple - queening with less dispersal, higher queen relatedness, higher aggression and higher skew in ant colonies.

Considering that most previously studied sky island species belong to less mobile groups such as beetles and plants, this difference in scale probably reflects the fact that historical processes of isolation are more easily reconstructed in species with less dispersal capability than in highly mobile species [ 1- 4].

Studies of mosquito vectors showed less dispersal of Aedes aegypti in areas where compounds were clustered than in areas where they were farther apart, and mosquito vectors tended to be spatially clustered at the household level in rural habitats with abundant human hosts and oviposition sites (29, 30 ).

As a second hypothesis, we posit that lineages exhibiting MEP will be less dispersal-prone and therefore will be less able to maintain gene flow among populations (due to small body size equaling low dispersal capabilities), leading to increased rates of speciation.

In the absence of disturbance, spatially structured landscapes favour species investing more in reproduction, but less in dispersal and survival.

In addition to the wind variability over time and plume diffusivity, the different wind datasets employed by the two models may also play a role in differences in model output: at lower altitudes (<1 km), the ECMWF data used by TEPHRA2 has comparatively faster wind speeds than the NCEP/NCAR data used by VOL-CALPUFF (Fig. 2), which may help to compensate for the less lateral dispersal in the plume.

Flower counts were based on calyxes, which we presume to be subjected to less lateral dispersal by wind than corollas.

This prediction, that the absence of Omao leads not only to less seed dispersal overall but also to less seed rain into suitable microhabitat, warrants future research.

For this within-archipelago radiation, cladogenesis has apparently unfolded in a qualitatively different manner to that experienced by partulids elsewhere, being characterized (until very recently) by greater lineage longevity coupled with much less lineage dispersal.