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According to Transport & Environment, an environmental group, those concessions mean that very heavy cars like SUVs get more lenient emission targets than cars that might carry the same number of passengers but are far less polluting, like family cars.
Energy-intensive and trade-exposed (EITE) industries in industrialized countries are concerned on stringent domestic emission pricing that puts them at a competitive disadvantage against producers of similar goods in other countries with more lenient emission regulation.
Indeed, while in 1992/1993 NO x + HC thresholds were at the same level for any of both major fuels (Euro 1), 4 years later when Euro 2 legislation entered into force, the European Union granted more lenient emission standards for diesel than for petrol.
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The United States has the world's most lenient vehicle emissions and mileage standards, lagging as much as 10 m.p.g.
But the RepuTex market analysis firm has found the proposed curb on electricity generation and industrial emissions is so "lenient" that only about 30 companies, such as airlines and transport firms, will be forced to reduce their emissions at all, and then only by a relatively modest 29m tonnes between 2016 and 2025.
JLR is Britain's biggest builder of high-end and premium models and is one of the many small and premium automakers benefiting from more lenient EU rules including those on emissions, due to low sales volumes compared with mass manufacturers.
European Union emission legislation however remained more lenient and did not require or simply postponed the need for after-treatment equipment.
If countries implement their least ambitious pledges and allow lots of loopholes and lenient rules, this will make no real difference: emissions would be only 1 GtCO2e less than business as usual (case A).
In the lead-up to the United Nations meeting in Paris next week, Hunt announced that Australia had already met its 2020 greenhouse emissions reduction target in large part due to overshooting its first lenient target and "carrying over" the excess to count towards its pledge to reduce emissions by 5%.
In the lead-up to the United Nations meeting, Australia's environment minister, Greg Hunt, announced that Australia had already met its 2020 greenhouse emissions reduction target in large part due to overshooting its first lenient Kyoto target in 2012.
At the moment the baselines are lenient, ensuring industries don't "go rogue" but not seeking to reduce their greenhouse emissions.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com