Sentence examples for length substitution from inspiring English sources

Key SAR parameters included the chain length substitution in para position of the benzyl ring, the functional group terminating the alkyl chain, and the substituent on the C-5 pyrimidine ring.

The phosphorescence wavelength, quantum yields, and luminescent efficiency of these complexes also are closely related to the π-conjugation length, substitution positions, and substituents inductive effect for the cyclometalated ligands.

Interestingly, increasing the carbon chain length substitution on the 1,2,3-triazole moiety of the 1,2,3-triazole-bis-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones 7a d resulted in 2 16-folds improvement of the antimicrobial activity.

The length, substitution, and ligand density of glycopolymers can be easily controlled.

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations were run with the following specifications: the GTR model of evolution, uncorrelated lognormal distribution, the Yule tree process as a prior and a branch length substitution rate sampled from a prior normal distribution (mean value = 0.010, standard deviation = 0.001).

The estimates of divergence times was done with a Yule tree prior, the branch length substitution rate sampled from a prior normal distribution (with a mean value of 0.010 and a standard deviation of 0.001 [ 92]) and included just one representative of each species.

Overall, alkoxyalkyl monoesters prodrugs, such as HDP, are the result of a series of chain length, substitutions, and saturation optimizations.

InParanoid analyses identified 758 4-taxa orthologs (ABCD), an additional 645 3-taxa orthologs (BCD) and 3437 ortholog groups with sequences from only clades C and D. After filtering based on total tree length (# substitutions per codon), 611 ortholog groups were analyzed with all 4 taxa represented (average tree length = 4.1) and 528 were analyzed with 3 taxa (average tree length = 2.5).

Branch lengths, substitution rates, base frequencies, and gamma parameters for both first and second positions independently were calculated using Paup* 4.0b10 [ 66].

However, unlike maximum likelihood, model parameters (e.g., tree topology, branch lengths, substitution rates, base frequencies, site rate heterogeneity) in Bayesian analysis are sampled according to their posterior probability [ 61- 64].

The sequence length, nonsynonymous substitution rate (Ka), synonymous substitution rate (Ks), Ka/Ks and P-value are shown.