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Specifically, due to the same communication ratio among sensor nodes, the communication delay is affected by the length of the routing path, the longer the length of route path is, the longer the delay is, otherwise, the delay is small [19, 20].
The TSP had started as a recreational puzzle and the solutions were assessed according to one criteria: the length of route.
"The gates will also reduce the length of route that has to be closed, making it easier to maintain access to local businesses and residential properties in the area," Mr Ashton added.
The cost of route i is given by three quantities: (i) the fixed cost Open image in new window associated to the usage of vehicle v(ρ i ), (ii) the variable cost c i (ρ i ) associated to length of route ρ i, and (iii) the penalty cost Open image in new window for late deliveries.
The entire length of Route 10 was marked as Sign Route 198 in 1934, and this number was adopted legislatively in the 1964 renumbering.
The interchange, numbered as Exit 3, is the only one along the length of Route 37 that does not have a suffixed exit number in either direction.
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In this paper, we address a bi-objective vehicle routing problem in which the total length of routes is minimized as well as the balance of routes, i.e. the difference between the maximal route length and the minimal route length.
Thus, the objective is to minimize the length of routes.
We found large age differences in the length of routes taken during testing and in use of shortcuts, as, while nearly all young participants switched from the egocentric route-following strategy to the allocentric wayfinding strategy, none of the older participants stably switched.
For example, participants in the study by Ishikawa and Montello (2006) completely accurately recalled and placed four named landmarks in order, on each of two routes, and even participants with poor SOD estimated the lengths of route segments after only one learning trial with a correlation of over 0.9 with the actual segment lengths.
This depends on the length of the route (longer routes take more time and would require more buses), as well as the average speed (faster routes would allow buses to get back to the starting point sooner, requiring fewer buses).
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