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Three columns were provided with short lap-splice length of longitudinal reinforcements at the plastic hinge location to study the effect of lap splice.
Drift accumulation was characterized by different relative longitudinal lengths, flow area occlusions, length of longitudinal drift and downstream planimetrical positions relative to the pier center.
The results showed that with increasing surface roughness, the rate of growth length of longitudinal scale decreases, while decay rate and jet velocity increases.
This article assesses 5121 km length of longitudinal river profiles in 36 basins extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM) for morphological quantification and comparisons of knickzones, and discusses the landscape forms and origin.
Hypothesizing to change for every c10 m crash of guardrail, we obtained that the length of longitudinal safety barriers that needs to be replaced each year is 22 m.
Landmark 9 budged in the opposite direction to crossveins shifts, thus shaping the relationship between L1 to the total length of longitudinal vein IV (i.e. shape index L1 WL ; Fig. 12).
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The weld length (Lyv) of longitudinal fillet welds varies from 15mm to 65mm.
Based on the above research, observation points were began to be layout 400 m away from the open-off cut outside the SLW face, and it ended until 500 m away from the open-off cut above the longitudinal main section, the distance between each points is 20 m and thus the total length of the longitudinal observation line is 900 m.
The results indicate that the buckling model can provide a good estimate of the buckling length of the longitudinal bars.
For the proposed model, the weakest-link effect gradually becomes dominant and causes a decrease in strength that increases along the length of the longitudinal elements.
The parameters describing the joint's stress concentration and the bending stiffness reduction are defined in terms of the thin-wall ratio (the ratio of side length to thickness of the tubes' cross-section) and the length of the longitudinal member and the geometric asymmetry of the T-joint connection.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com