"The Catholic Church is way too rich to be a charity case and has more than sufficient resources to finance its charitable work without competing with countless indigent patients and legitimate charity beneficiaries," Edcel Lagman has said.
As Walker (1980 1981) notes, if the only legitimate reason a beneficiary might have to perform grateful behavior was to express or communicate gratitude, then a beneficiary should take himself to have no special reason to do a favor for a benefactor secretly or anonymously.
Table 1 The constituency framework Constituency Inclusion mode Example Beneficiaries (legitimate recipients of aid) Discretion A humanitarian organisation actively seeks engagement with beneficiaries to determine culturally appropriate provision of services.
"Retirees who have lost their retirement savings, small businesses who have lost their livelihood, Australian families who have lost hundreds of thousands of dollars, life insurance beneficiaries denied justice and legitimate claims.
Instead, the court-appointed trustee charged with determining the legitimate victims of the scheme and the illegitimate beneficiaries of it accused Wilpon and Katz of having greedily invested with Madoff for decades despite ample warnings that his investment operation was suspect.
Piper said a slowdown in peer-to-peer activity "would likely lead to a pick-up in sales for legitimate online content providers," and that iTunes would be the primary beneficiary in the online music space, given the company's 70% market share in this industry.
There is however another legitimate question: to what extent is arts funding regressive, in that the beneficiaries are better off than the general taxpayers?
It can hide the badness of oppressors and the beneficiaries of oppression by making them and their actions appear legitimate and by allowing them to carry on without overt acts of violence that they would otherwise use to maintain a group's oppression (Bartky 1990b, 23).
Corporations will be the ultimate beneficiaries of this knowledge, which will provide the understanding that will facilitate legitimate long-term planning.
In the Doctrine of Virtue, he noted that while it may be natural to feel shamed at being made a beneficiary, this shame is not rationally justified, and results from a misunderstanding of the legitimate sources of one's moral worth (Smit and Timmons 2011).
