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Disruption of the PHD2, but not PHD1 and 3, gene led to embryonic lethality and caused placental HIF1-α over-expression that was associated with placental defects such as diminished villous branching [35].
Cardiac-restricted deletion of Dicer during early mouse embryogenesis led to embryonic lethality due to cardiac malformations, while deletion later in development led to an early post-natal lethality secondary to a dilated cardiomyopathy [14], [15].
Supporting this idea was the finding that morpholino induced knock-down of fmr1 (fmorphanthant) in the zebrafish led to embryonic phenotypes that could in principle be used as a read-out in drug screens [22].
If the efforts at generating mouse disruptions of the lipoic acid synthase gene Lias are in any way instructive to evaluating the chances for success at rapidly generating a FASII knockout mouse, then this does not bode well as these attempts have so far only led to embryonic lethality [34], precluding thorough investigations on live knockouts.
Specific knockdown of Pcsk9 mRNA led to embryonic death at 4 days after fertilization in zebrafish [54], and complete knockout of Pcsk9 in mouse led to a ∼50% reduction in circulating levels of LDL cholesterol, but did not result in a lethal phenotype [55].
The authors have deleted exon 3 and 4 of PiT1 which also led to embryonic lethality at mid-gestation around E12.5, although with a lower penetrance than in our model which may be due to differences in the genetic background used.
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The move prompted immediate opposition, but could lead to embryonic economic government for Europe.
These results suggest that one functional Rab10 allele is enough for murine embryo development and adults' survival, but that a double mutant leads to embryonic lethality.
Disruption of the negative regulatory effects of IGF2R on IGF-II-induced growth can lead to embryonic lethality and cancer promotion.
However, the DLC1 deficiency leads to embryonic lethality by midgestation.
RelA deficiency also leads to embryonic lethality accompanied by massive apoptosis in the embryonic liver [21].
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