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It cannot be assumed that the responses of obese individuals will be the same as lean individuals.
Ghrelin concentrations decreased after bread meals in lean individuals, but not in obese individuals with the metabolic syndrome.
It therefore appears that increased adiposity results in similar lunch time food intake independent of morning feeding and eradicates the immediate compensatory feeding responses apparent in lean individuals.
The HWS line individuals are all hyperphagic and obese as juveniles whereas the LWS line is comprised of lean individuals with different severities of anorexia14,15,16.
For instance, Akkermansia muciniphila, a bacterium found in higher levels in the gut of lean individuals induces the production of a thickened gut mucus layer.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in lean individuals is not well studied and up to 26% of diabetes occurs in these individuals.
Therefore, overweight and obese individuals may be more responsive to single bouts of SIT than lean individuals.
Moreover, composition of gut microbiota in obesity individuals differs from that in lean individuals, although inconsistent changes have been reported.
Of lean individuals, 67% were categorized as MUW, whereas 80% of overweight and 87% of obese individuals were MUW.
Furthermore, the gut microbiota of obese individuals are rich in Firmicutes and scarce in Bacteroidetes compared with lean individuals (Ley et al. 2006).
There is an indication that gut flora in obese and lean individuals can affect the metabolic potential.
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