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The results show that in the case of natural gas, ammonia reacts relatively late at fuel lean condition leading to high NOx emissions.
In this method, the operating window is widened by the OSC through the storage of oxygen in the oxygen-rich condition and releasing oxygen in the lean condition in situ.
Rate of production analysis reveals that NPB consumption is generally governed by CH bond cleavage to form three A1C3H6 radicals, which mostly transform to styrene under rich condition and to benzaldehyde under lean condition.
CO was adsorbed on Pd sites in the rich condition and then oxidized by gaseous NOx via Eley Rideal mechanism during the transition from the rich condition to the lean condition, which results in an enhanced NOx conversion.
For instance, at 300 °C, a high N2O selectivity is observed when C3H6 is used, and near half of the N2O emission occurs during the storage phase in lean condition.
Lowering the Pt loading in the Pt BaO/Al2O3 catalyst from 1.0 to 0.5 wt% resulted in a 15% decrease in the NOx storage capacity (NSC) under the lean condition but the N2 selectivity under the rich condition declined dramatically (from 85%to5353%), indicating that the NOx reduction performance under the rich condition is the key to low platinum NSR catalysts.
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This removes the need for creating a special chamber for combustion.The second breakthrough has been to get the combustion process to take place under extremely lean conditions.
It was found that NOx emissions are higher under lean conditions (Lambda = 1.10) than under rich conditions (Lambda = 0.90), whereas CO emissions are reduced under lean conditions.
The experiments were performed in lean conditions (0.7 ⩽ ϕ ⩽ 1).
The results show noteworthy variability in the ignition properties at these low temperature and lean conditions.
The engine developed peak torque of 13.2 Nm@3200 rpm while operating at lean conditions.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com