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The rate of contrast agent uptake (dCt(t)/dt) can be given as dCt(t)/dt = Ktrans × (Cp Ct/ve), where Ktrans is vascular permeability, Cp is the concentration of contrast agent in the plasma space, Ct is the concentration of contrast agent in the tissue extravascular and extracellular space, and ve is the leakage space per unit volume of measured tissue.
No statistically significant changes in leakage space (Ve) were seen.
Two patients had statistically significant increases in leakage space (36.5 and 34.5%).
The functional analysis is based on post-therapeutic changes of microvessels permeability, tissue perfusion, blood volume, and extracellular leakage space.
In general, tumor vessels tend to have incomplete basement membranes which lead to increased permeability and leakage space.
Transfer constant (Ktrans) and leakage space (Ve) were calculated using measured and theoretical Arterial Input Function (AIF).
Similar(33)
Furthermore, controlled positive pressure ventilation may have caused air leakage into mediastinal space through the penetrated part of stent.
Lung inflammation is characterized by increased pulmonary inflammatory cell sequestration, which leads to the development of protein leakage in alveolar space, reduced lung compliance, and finally impaired lung function (Chu et al. 2010).
The released HBP initiates rearrangement of the endothelial cell cytoskeleton, leading to openings in the endothelial barrier and increased macromolecular leakage to interstitial space [ 3].
Fluid resuscitation, capillary leakage and third space losses could substantially increase Vd of hydrophilic antibiotics such as beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, the Vd of which approximates the extracellular fluid volume.
When taking this into consideration, cement-based treatment algorithms for VCF care are likely to induce cement-associated complications like leakage in the disc space or epidural space in more severe fracture types like burst fractures with dorsal wall involvement [ 15– 20].
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