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Stem: tall, slender, woody [or not], with obvious leaf scars.
Bothrodendron leaf scars are faint or absent in external impressions.
Nodes are marked by often prominent and ringlike leaf scars.
Figure 10.9: (A) Reconstuction of Williamsonia sewardiana with spirally arranged leaf scars.
The plant diagnostically possesses spirally arranged, small, vertically elongated leaf cushions, which have false leaf scars.
Sigillaria has square or rectangular leaf cushions arranged in vertical rows, with hexagonal leaf scars (VG 2 3).
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Note fine hairs (colleters?) at juncture of leaf scar and stem.
Within the leaf scar, you will see three other scars: The middle scar representing the leaf's vascular trace, flanked by two parichnos scars.
Above the leaf scar, you should also note the position of the ligule, marked by a small pit (Figure 5.3).
Stem Genera: Compression or impression fossils of Lepidodendron, Lepidophloios and Sigillaria show raised leaf bases (also known as leaf "cushions", Figure 5.8) with a small leaf scar at the apex of the elevated cushion.
Consequently, we measured apex height from the lowest leaf scar and expressed it as a ratio to average root diameter, on the widest part of the tap root.
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