Sentence examples for lead to scale from inspiring English sources

The authors write that models in which growth is driven by innovation naturally lead to scale effects (because ideas are "nonrivalrous", meaning that they can be applied all across an economy), and scale effects imply that larger countries should be richer than poorer ones.

In general, water with hardness more than 200 ppm as CaCO3 will lead to scale deposits in the piping system (Van der Aa 2003).

The process is designed to remove substances that would lead to scale and membrane fouling during additional stages of NF or reverse osmosis (RO).

High TDS levels typically indicate hard water and may lead to scale buildup in pipes, reduced efficiency of water filters, hot water heaters, etc., and aesthetic problems such as a bitter or salty taste (WHO 1993).

Therefore the use of the complete off-bottom suspension condition in the flat bottom tank as the sole criterion for scale-up is likely to lead to scale-up parameters which do not represent the behaviour of the bulk of the tank.

Excess EC lead to scaling in boilers, corrosion and quality degradation of the product.

Emphasis is on the major breakthroughs in PBR design that may lead to scaling-up.

As further operational experience is gained, increased knowledge sharing can lead to scaling-up of such energy efficiency investments.

Desalination is usually carried out in coupled heat and mass transfer processes which easily lead to scaling on the heat transfer structures which limits the desalination performance.

Further aggravating the situation, detailed simulations of large systems will frequently require days, weeks, or even months of computer time and lead to scaled down studies.

The underlying physics of these NOx sources lead to scaling laws for their respective contributions to the overall NOx emissions performance.