Sentence examples for layers of the specimens from inspiring English sources

We have observed that, if the traditional Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions take their root in the oxide layer within the extreme surface layers of the specimens, this cannot be the case any longer for electronic and ionic interactions whenever oxide layers are thin enough (t ≤ 10 nm).

The removal of material from the tip releases atoms from continuously deeper layers of the specimen.

In addition, the current Superpave gyratory compaction equipment may produce inconsistent specimens with higher air voids on the top layer than the middle and bottom layers of the specimen.

The main issues studied in this work are the material flow (occurrence of defects such as wrinkling and fracture) of the layers of the specimen and the required drawing force.

Evaluation was performed with multiphoton microscopes that obtained serial images of multiple layers of the specimen and phase-contrast microscopy, enabling visualization of biologic activity of the wound [ 70].

Because talc particles were nearly oriented parallel to the flow direction in the skin layer of the specimens, the crystal orientation was amplified by the increased crystallization rate.

As compared with the rice husk particleboards, incorporation of 10 40% of the strands in the face layer of the specimens improved the flexural modulus and strength by 21 166% and 35 202%, respectively.

Also, the change in fatigue life was investigated when the surface layer of the specimens was removed during the fatigue tests.

The upper layer of the specimens (WMA or hot mix asphalt control mix) was mixed and compacted at different temperatures in order to simulate different application conditions.

However, as mentioned above, the OCP was only present in the outermost layer of the specimens and not in the core of the specimens.

In this study, it was shown that the in vitro degradation properties of brushite cements underwent major changes from 10 weeks onwards, for example, in terms of porosity, formation of an outer layer of the specimens, object volume, phase composition, and compressive strength.