Consequently, most current AP selection schemes rely on lower-layer indicators.
The problem of gathering high-layer indicators lies in the time latency of AP association, which has to be established before starting the measurement.
In this work, the network emulator is treated as a black box, used to see the impact that different conditions may have on network-layer indicators.
The overhead of associating with the APs for obtaining the measure leads to the impracticability of higher-layer indicator measurement.
Channel interference may also be used as a physical layer indicator, as an MN attempts to associate with the AP whose channel is less interfered.
In this study, we establish a three-layer indicator system to evaluate agricultural vulnerability at the county level for flood-prone regions in China.
In this study, we establish a two-layer indicator system to assess the urban ecosystem health and choose 33 indicators grouped into social, economic, transportation, facility, land, and management subsystems, with the aim of correlating human activities with the structure, vigor, resilience, and health of the urban ecosystem.
As VCQ indicator, the NDVI-based vegetation cover classification was produced by means of unsupervised multivariate statistical techniques and compared with ancillary cartographic layers, statistical indicators, and field data related to land-use management observed in the study area.
Aside from layer-based indicators, valuable indicators for AP selection include user count [22], potential hidden nodes [15], moving direction [23], link cost, services provision, and access technology.
Retinal sections from the 800 ng/eye dose group of the dose/response study (and the corresponding PBS control) were assessed for the thickness of the outer and inner nuclear layer as indicators of retinal health.
