Sentence examples for layer of the sample from inspiring English sources

An analytical model describing the initiation of the exothermic decomposition reaction in the surface layer of the sample was developed.

Doping of material surface layers though mixing of multi-element thin films with the surface layer of the sample is a promising technological process currently being developed.

The excess electron was generated in the process of the formation of O− species or lattice defects on the surface layer of the sample.

The results show that shot peening can cause surface nanocrystallization; that is, a nanocrystalline microstructure with an average grain size of ∼ 18 nm forms in the surface layer of the sample, and furthermore, can induce α-martensite of about 15% in volume fraction.

The nitrided layer of the sample nitrided under 6 atm for 5 h exhibited the best wear resistance, and its thickness (410 μm) was almost equal to that (440 μm) of the conventional gas nitriding at 510 °C for 50 h, which would result in higher production efficiency and lower cost in industrial application.

High densities of mechanical twins are identified in the surface layer of the sample.

The VVV line shape analysis can thus yield key information on hole-hole correlation effects and on the density of states of the top layer of the samples.

The valence states and depth distribution of elements in the surface layer of the samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and auger electron spectroscopy (AES), respectively.

The reproducibility of the measurements (the FTIR spectra of the first layer of the samples) had also been tested.

Analytical results identify the main component of the white powder layer of the samples as magnesite (magnesium carbonate).

On the other hand, the nickel catalyst layer of the samples with Au buffer layers of 40 and 60 nm was transformed to nanoparticles, as shown in Figure 1c, d.