Exact(2)
The sub-skin layer of specimens without weld-lines was significantly reduced with increasing amount of EPR-M.
Results of the tests indicate that cementite is the main phase in the surface layer of specimens carburized at 400 and 450 °C, while that in those carburized at 500 and 550 °C is mainly the carbon expanded martensite.
Similar(58)
The deformed layer of specimen F is much thicker than that of E, and is related to wear rate and ratcheting.
The novelty of this work consists in a new explanation of fractional Avrami exponents, ascribed to a layer-by-layer crystallization of specimens from the surface to the interior.
However, as mentioned above, the OCP was only present in the outermost layer of the specimens and not in the core of the specimens.
The thickness of the hardened layer of all specimens is more than 200 μm.
As compared with the rice husk particleboards, incorporation of 10 40% of the strands in the face layer of the specimens improved the flexural modulus and strength by 21 166% and 35 202%, respectively.
The upper layer of the specimens (WMA or hot mix asphalt control mix) was mixed and compacted at different temperatures in order to simulate different application conditions.
The outer or skin layer of molded specimens was found to contain only γ-crystals; whereas, the central or core region contains both the α and γ-forms.
Also, the change in fatigue life was investigated when the surface layer of the specimens was removed during the fatigue tests.
Because talc particles were nearly oriented parallel to the flow direction in the skin layer of the specimens, the crystal orientation was amplified by the increased crystallization rate.
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