The confusion function S denotes the nonlinear layer of round function F. It consists of eight 4 × 4 S-boxes S i in parallel (i = 1, 2, ⋯, 8).
Its genome is the Microsoft Windows of biological programming: layer upon layer of complex function and code, often accreted at cross-purposes.
We propose that the TM domain provides an extra layer of inhibitory function for FcγRIIB to secure its unique position as the only inhibitory IgG FcR to downregulate immune responses (Hippen et al., 1997).
Although the transcriptional regulation of genes for ET and JA biosynthesis and signaling is just one layer of their function, results from this study provide the essential information for further elucidation of their regulating roles in defense response.
miRNAs represent a higher regulatory layer of gene function and cell behavior, and the similarities in miRNA signatures between ESCs and SSCs provide new clues to understanding the molecular basis of the spontaneous reprogramming of unipotent SSCs into multipotent gPSCs.
Since CNF contains a hidden layer of gate functions G, the log-likelihood function is not convex any more.
A thin layer of sod functions as a horizontal facade stretched over the land for the benefit of airplanes or visiting aliens.
This past week, I have been living life with tears just behind the layer of daily functioning, joys and busyness.
Here the parameter γ>0 extends the subdomain as there should be a sufficient layer of basis functions around the essential support.
In the last years, noninvasive FAF imaging has been introduced into the ophthalmological clinical practice, providing for the first time a qualitative measure of the status of RPE layer in terms of function and structure [ 12, 13].
