It's different, because the military has layers and layers and layers of command.
Because of how siloed these functions were and how many different layers of command Tom had to go through, it was nearly impossible to bring these units together when needed.
Perhaps Facebook no longer fully understands its own tangle of algorithms – the code, all 60m lines of it, is a palimpsest, where engineers add layer upon layer of new commands.
Roobiq aims to build a layer of voice commands and natural language processing on top of existing CRM systems, so a salesperson who's out taking meetings could update their CRM from their phone without slowing down to type.
There are actually several layers of military command above Petraeus that Bush could use to sell The Pause.
Because so-called "distributed denial of service" attacks use armies of thousands of unwitting PCs corrupted with invisible software to send fraudulent requests for information at Web servers, an attack's source is often hidden by several layers of redirected commands.
These changes propagate all the way up to the command layer of the SATA HBA controller and require the buffers or FIFOs that supply data to the controller to also be converted to matching 32-bit words.
The very nature of the industry means it is structured in such a way that it makes it extremely difficult or even impossible for people on the ground, the bookies, to know who is the person two layers above them in the chain of command.
Microsoft now supplies eighty per cent of all the personal-computer operating-system software in the world — that is, the layer of software that translates your commands so that the computer can act on them — and fifty per cent of all the application software, which is the tools, like Microsoft Word (writing) and Excel (accounting), that run on top of the operating system.
He has added a new layer of authority at the top, taken command of numerous committees, and now personally supervises overall government reform, finance, the overhaul of the armed forces and cyber-security.
